Older systems often lack a usable fault contact. Temperature probes on flow and return pipes can help. They are fitted to the outside of the pipe without opening the heating circuit. A flow temperature well below its usual level during heating hours may indicate a fault, but night setback, heating demand and operating mode must also be considered.
A sensor with two probes, such as the Milesight TS302, records flow and return with one device; the Dragino D23-LB has three probes, for example for flow, return and storage tank. The histories also show how the system works. Unusual patterns, such as an unusual difference between flow and return, are pointers for the heating contractor.
Schedules define when a temperature rule is active. This lets you allow for expected setback periods without treating every low flow temperature as a fault.